The idea that every runner should reach 180 steps per minute came from observing elite athletes, not from a universal prescription.
Cadence changes with speed
Most runners naturally increase step rate as pace rises. Comparing an easy run to an elite race without context is misleading.
There is no single ideal number
Height, leg length, terrain, fatigue and running history all influence cadence. A useful range is individual.
When cadence can help
A modest increase may reduce overstriding for some runners, but it should be introduced gradually and without forcing tension.
What to watch instead
Look at where the foot lands relative to the body, braking, posture, comfort and whether the change improves economy.
Practical approach
Use short strides, light cues and small changes of roughly three to five percent if there is a clear reason—not because a watch shows a fashionable target.
Training decisions should be adapted to your history, schedule and recovery. General information is not a substitute for medical advice.